Not 90 years.
Every action. Every owner. Every deadline. No new institutions. No legislation required for the first wave.
Sources: ACEA, European Heat Pump Association, Aurora Energy Research, 2024–25
Decisions that cost nothing. Announcements that shift behaviour before they take effect.
Financing instruments that already exist, deployed at scale.
Regulatory decisions that cost nothing. Classification changes that move billions.
| Policy Action | Annual Cost | Type |
|---|---|---|
| Municipality campaigns | ~£50m | Expenditure |
| Remove electricity levies | £4.5bn | Tax shift — not new spending |
| Green mortgage state guarantee | ~£260m | Guarantee — drawn on defaults only |
| EV finance rate guarantee | ~£100m | Guarantee — drawn on defaults only |
| Battery infrastructure classification | £0 | Regulatory decision |
| Iberian pricing reform | £0 | Market rule change |
| Housing association solar lending | ~£300m | Sovereign loan — repaid from savings |
| Total annual cost — full programme | ~£6bn/yr |
UK energy crisis — one winter: £150 billion.
EU total crisis spending 2022–23: €800 billion.
Years of this programme for the cost of one crisis: 25 years.
The subsidy lasted a winter. The debt lasts a decade.
Eleven blogs. One case. All the evidence.